Decanoic Acid vs Capric Acid: Key Differences and Uses

Fatty acids are essential building blocks in chemistry, acting like the versatile ingredients in a kitchen pantry that can be used for everything from cooking to cleaning. Among them, Decanoic Acid and Capric Acid stand out as medium-chain saturated fatty acids, often mentioned in industrial and laboratory contexts for their roles in lubricants, cosmetics, and more. While these two names are frequently used interchangeably, they refer to the same compound but with slight nuances in naming conventions and applications. This article clarifies their similarities, differences, and key uses, helping you understand why this fatty acid is a staple in various sectors.

Overview of Decanoic Acid (CAS 334-48-5)

2.1 Chemical Identity

Decanoic Acid, also known as n-Decanoic Acid, has the molecular formula C₁₀H₂₀O₂ and CAS number 334-48-5. It's a white crystalline solid or colorless oily liquid with a faint fatty odor, melting at 31–32°C and boiling at 268–270°C. Insoluble in water but soluble in alcohols and ethers, it's like oil that mixes well with similar substances but repels water.

2.2 Production and Availability

Produced by oxidizing decanol or hydrolyzing natural oils like coconut or palm kernel oil, Decanoic Acid is available in industrial (>95%), cosmetic (>98%), and analytical (>99%) grades. This variety ensures it's accessible for different needs, from bulk manufacturing to precise lab work.

2.3 Typical Applications

Decanoic Acid is used in lubricants for its stability, plasticizers for flexibility, and cosmetic formulations for emollient properties, as well as in organic synthesis for creating esters in fragrances.

Overview of Capric Acid

3.1 Chemical Identity

Capric Acid is essentially the same as Decanoic Acid, sharing the formula C₁₀H₂₀O₂ and CAS 334-48-5, with identical properties like its goat-like pungent odor (hence "capric" from Latin for goat). It's a white solid with the same melting and boiling points.

3.2 Why the Dual Naming Exists

The dual naming arises from IUPAC (Decanoic Acid for systematic scientific use) versus trivial names (Capric Acid in commercial and cosmetic industries), like calling a tomato a fruit scientifically but using it as a vegetable in cooking.

Decanoic Acid vs Capric Acid: Are They the Same?

4.1 Chemical Comparison

4.2 Key Takeaway

Chemically identical, the names differ by context: Decanoic for scientific precision, Capric for commercial appeal.

Industrial and Laboratory Uses

5.1 Industrial Applications

In industry, it's a raw material for esters in lubricants (reducing friction like oil in gears), emulsifiers in cosmetics, and additives in detergents for better cleaning.

5.2 Laboratory and Research Uses

Labs use it as a reagent for synthesis, a solvent in reactions, and in studies on medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) for metabolism research.

Safety, Storage, and Handling

Classified as low toxicity but irritating, handle with gloves to avoid skin contact, like dealing with strong vinegar. Store sealed in cool, ventilated areas; avoid inhalation.

Where to Buy High-Purity Decanoic (Capric) Acid

To source reliably, look for suppliers with certifications and COAs. Aure Chemical offers high-purity Decanoic Acid with global shipping and support.

Conclusion

Decanoic Acid and Capric Acid are chemically the same, differing mainly in naming for scientific versus commercial use, with versatile applications in synthesis and products. Source high-purity grades from trusted suppliers like Aure Chemical for optimal results—contact them for certified products today.